Is it the right time to buy Ethena crypto?
As of June 2025, Ethena (ENA) trades at approximately $0.32, supported by a robust 24-hour trading volume totaling $214 million. ENA stands out within the decentralized finance (DeFi) sector, pioneering synthetic stablecoin solutions through its USDe protocol. The recent strategic partnership with the TON Blockchain—enabling access to Telegram’s global user base—positions Ethena for potentially transformative growth and broader adoption. This, along with rising protocol metrics and integration across leading DeFi platforms such as Aave, underpins a constructive market sentiment. Technical indicators have recently hovered in neutral territory, yet oversold conditions suggest room for a positive rebound. Recent token unlocks have been managed with scheduled vesting, mitigating excessive volatility and supporting investor confidence. From a sectoral perspective, Ethena’s delta-neutral strategies and unique yield mechanisms strengthen its role as a crypto-native alternative to traditional stablecoins. With a sector consensus from 33 national and international analysts projecting the next price objective at $0.46, ENA currently presents itself as an innovator with expanding potential in a fast-evolving landscape. For investors in the Philippines attuned to emerging DeFi trends, Ethena is firmly on the radar as a project with significant growth levers.
- ✅Rapid protocol growth with USDe adoption expanding across DeFi platforms
- ✅Major partnership with TON to access Telegram’s billion-user ecosystem
- ✅Crypto-native stablecoin yielding attractive returns for stakers
- ✅Innovative delta-neutral mechanisms maintaining USDe’s dollar peg
- ✅Strong community engagement and ecosystem development allocations
- ❌Periodic token unlocks may introduce mild, short-term price pressure
- ❌Current technical indicators remain neutral, requiring vigilant monitoring
- ✅Rapid protocol growth with USDe adoption expanding across DeFi platforms
- ✅Major partnership with TON to access Telegram’s billion-user ecosystem
- ✅Crypto-native stablecoin yielding attractive returns for stakers
- ✅Innovative delta-neutral mechanisms maintaining USDe’s dollar peg
- ✅Strong community engagement and ecosystem development allocations
Is it the right time to buy Ethena crypto?
As of June 2025, Ethena (ENA) trades at approximately $0.32, supported by a robust 24-hour trading volume totaling $214 million. ENA stands out within the decentralized finance (DeFi) sector, pioneering synthetic stablecoin solutions through its USDe protocol. The recent strategic partnership with the TON Blockchain—enabling access to Telegram’s global user base—positions Ethena for potentially transformative growth and broader adoption. This, along with rising protocol metrics and integration across leading DeFi platforms such as Aave, underpins a constructive market sentiment. Technical indicators have recently hovered in neutral territory, yet oversold conditions suggest room for a positive rebound. Recent token unlocks have been managed with scheduled vesting, mitigating excessive volatility and supporting investor confidence. From a sectoral perspective, Ethena’s delta-neutral strategies and unique yield mechanisms strengthen its role as a crypto-native alternative to traditional stablecoins. With a sector consensus from 33 national and international analysts projecting the next price objective at $0.46, ENA currently presents itself as an innovator with expanding potential in a fast-evolving landscape. For investors in the Philippines attuned to emerging DeFi trends, Ethena is firmly on the radar as a project with significant growth levers.
- ✅Rapid protocol growth with USDe adoption expanding across DeFi platforms
- ✅Major partnership with TON to access Telegram’s billion-user ecosystem
- ✅Crypto-native stablecoin yielding attractive returns for stakers
- ✅Innovative delta-neutral mechanisms maintaining USDe’s dollar peg
- ✅Strong community engagement and ecosystem development allocations
- ❌Periodic token unlocks may introduce mild, short-term price pressure
- ❌Current technical indicators remain neutral, requiring vigilant monitoring
- ✅Rapid protocol growth with USDe adoption expanding across DeFi platforms
- ✅Major partnership with TON to access Telegram’s billion-user ecosystem
- ✅Crypto-native stablecoin yielding attractive returns for stakers
- ✅Innovative delta-neutral mechanisms maintaining USDe’s dollar peg
- ✅Strong community engagement and ecosystem development allocations
- Ethena at a Glance
- How much does 1 Ethena cost?
- Our complete review of the cryptocurrency Ethena
- Performance Update and Market Backdrop
- Technical Analysis
- Fundamental Analysis
- Investment Strategies
- Ethena Price Projections
- Is Now the Right Time to Buy Ethena?
- How to buy Ethena?
- Our 7 tips for buying Ethena
- The latest news from Ethena
- FAQ
Why trust HelloSafe?
At HelloSafe, our expert has been monitoring the performance of the cryptocurrency Ethena for over three years. Every month, hundreds of thousands of users in the Philippines trust us to analyze market trends and identify the best investment opportunities. Our analyses are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute investment advice. In line with our ethical policy, HelloSafe has never purchased Ethena nor received any compensation from entities associated with its ecosystem.
Ethena at a Glance
Indicator | Value | Analysis |
---|---|---|
🌐 Blockchain of origin | Ethereum | Ethena leverages Ethereum’s security and decentralized infrastructure effectively. |
💼 Project type | DeFi – Synthetic Stablecoin Protocol | Ethena innovates in DeFi with a synthetic dollar mechanism (USDe). |
🏛️ Launch date | 2023 | The project is recent, launched during the 2023 DeFi expansion wave. |
🏢 Market capitalization | $1.95B USD | Ethena ranks as a major DeFi player by current market capitalization. |
📊 Market cap rank | #70 (approximate, CoinGecko/CMC rankings) | Ranking shows Ethena as a leading, though not top-10, DeFi token globally. |
📈 24h Trading volume | $214M USD | High 24h volume reflects strong investor interest and active token trading. |
💹 Circulating supply | 6.09B ENA | More than 40% of maximum supply is now circulating on the market. |
💡 Main objective | Power decentralized synthetic dollar (USDe) and protocol governance | Ethena seeks to create a scalable, DeFi-native stablecoin and enable user governance. |
How much does 1 Ethena cost?
The price of Ethena is up this week. As of today, ENA trades at around ₱18.80, with a strong 8.75% gain over the past 24 hours and a 9.07% increase in the last seven days.
Ethena’s total market capitalization stands at approximately ₱109.8 billion, with an average three-month trading volume near ₱12.1 billion.
Ranked 74th among all cryptocurrencies, the token has 6.09 billion ENA in circulation and currently represents about 0.22% of the total crypto market.
Ethena’s recent momentum and active trading present dynamic investment opportunities, but price swings remind investors to stay attentive to market volatility.
Compare the best cryptocurrency exchanges in Philippines !Compare platformsOur complete review of the cryptocurrency Ethena
Have Ethena's recent trends and structural developments signaled the next great opportunity in DeFi? After analyzing Ethena's three-year trajectory through a blend of on-chain data, technical signals, market flows, and competitive landscape—refined via our proprietary algorithms—the evidence for renewed upside is mounting. So, why might 2025 mark a strategic entry point for Ethena within the evolving digital asset ecosystem?
Performance Update and Market Backdrop
Recent Price Evolution
Ethena (ENA) is currently priced at $0.32 USD, having demonstrated a resilient performance over the past few months despite macro volatility. Its price range between $0.28 and $0.32 positioned ENA as one of the more stable mid-cap assets in a market defined by sharp corrections and rapid recoveries. Notably, a recent 24h move of +8.75% and a 7-day gain of +9.07% reflect improving sentiment and the rapid absorption of selling pressure, possibly linked to token unlock events.
Positive Developments and Events
- TON Blockchain Integration: The recent partnership with the TON Foundation will embed Ethena's synthetic dollar (USDe) into the Telegram ecosystem, unlocking exposure to potentially over 1 billion users—a transformative step for ecosystem reach and real-world use.
- Ecosystem Growth: USDe’s market cap now exceeds $5.88B, with a jaw-dropping $1B incremental growth in just the past weeks. Integrations with top DeFi protocols and the ongoing expansion in use cases highlight strong platform momentum.
- Institutional Partnerships: The strategic collaboration with Securitize to build Converge, a next-gen DeFi and tokenization network, underlines Ethena’s ambition to extend into the institutional investment arena.
Macro and Sector Environment
Ethena benefits from renewed risk appetite across cryptocurrencies, buoyed by falling inflation rates and a more accommodative Fed outlook. The DeFi sector, recovering from the 2022–2023 bear market, is in a new phase of adoption, with real-world fintech integrations (like those facilitated by Ethena on TON/Telegram) drawing in both retail and institutional capital. Stablecoins and synthetic dollar protocols, like Ethena, are particularly well-placed to thrive in this evolving regulatory and monetary climate.
Technical Analysis
Key On-Chain and Technical Signals
- RSI (14): Currently at 46.6, suggesting a neutral technical stance—neither overbought nor oversold—and signaling that recent selling pressure has likely exhausted itself.
- MACD: Confirms mixed signals across timeframes but hints at stabilization and a latent bullish crossover as momentum builds following the recent oversold period.
- Moving Averages: Price action around the short-term moving averages and above the critical support at $0.27–$0.28 indicates resilience and area of bid interest.
Critical Support and Resistance Levels
- Support: Strong buy-side liquidity at $0.27–$0.28 has repeatedly been tested and held, building an attractive risk-reward profile for new entries.
- Resistance: Key technical resistance lies between $0.35 and $0.37—a successful breakout above this zone could unlock significant upside momentum.
Short- and Medium-Term Momentum
- Momentum: The recent consolidation and rapid bounce/volume spikes suggest market participants are accumulating ENA at these levels, prepping the ground for a possible trend reversal.
- Structure: Ethena’s technical structure is constructive: buyers continue to step in at support, with decreasing volatility and increasing volume—often a precursor to upward moves.
Fundamental Analysis
Ecosystem Growth, Partnerships, and Adoption
- User Adoption: ENA’s footprint now extends deeply into DeFi, aided by integrations across Aave, Converge, and especially the TON-Telegram partnership—positioning USDe as a direct competitor to incumbents like USDC and USDT.
- Protocol Metrics: ENA stands out for its rapidly expanding USDe market cap (+$1B in mere weeks), demonstrating adoption velocity rarely seen among new DeFi entrants.
- Partnerships: Alliances with giants like Telegram/TON and Securitize provide a credible pathway to mass retail and institutional DeFi adoption, both crucial for ongoing expansion.
Attractive Valuation Metrics
- Market Cap: $1.95B USD implies a moderate valuation for a protocol controlling a $5.88B stablecoin supply, with a market cap/FDV ratio (0.39) and solid volume/market cap ratio (0.0995), painting a picture of active market participation and untapped upside.
- TVL Traction: Rapid TVL (Total Value Locked) growth is mirrored by high on-chain activity and sustained trading interest around key levels—critical markers of fundamental traction in the DeFi space.
Structural Edge and Innovation
- Technology: Ethena’s “crypto-native” synthetic dollar infrastructure is designed for scalability, decentralization, and utility across chains—attributes sought by both users and developers wary of regulatory hurdles and traditional finance intermediaries.
- Yield Mechanism: The protocol’s delta-neutral hedging delivers both stability and sustainable yields—attractive traits in a world of uncertain interest rate cycles.
- Community and Governance: ENA holders shape protocol direction, with structured vesting and 30% of supply reserved for the ecosystem—a strategic commitment to long-term alignment and gradual decentralization.
Volume and Liquidity
- Liquidity: With $214M traded in the last 24 hours on major venues (Binance, Coinbase), ENA demonstrates robust secondary market liquidity—a signal of growing investor interest and confidence in the underlying asset.
- Market Standing: ENA’s volume, activity ratios, and position among DeFi leaders anchor it as an emerging blue chip in the synthetic stablecoin domain.
Catalysts and Forward-Looking Factors
- Major Integrations: The ongoing TON/Telegram deployment, future DeFi/NFT integrations, and sUSDe’s growing yield footprint will continue to drive user and asset inflows.
- Regulatory Climate: Ethena’s DeFi-native structure and synthetic asset offers a defensible regulatory posture compared to bank-based stablecoins—an advantage with uncertainty surrounding centralized issuers.
- Institutional Adoption: Securitize partnership, Converge network, and growing DeFi asset-liquidation rails all imply further institutional inflows.
Investment Strategies
Positioning for Short, Medium, and Long Term
- Short-Term: Momentum signals, tightening consolidation, and recurring support tests suggest opportunistic entries on technical pullbacks near $0.29–$0.30 could offer rapid upside as the market prices in new integrations and unlock events.
- Medium-Term: With USDe’s ongoing user/integration growth, medium-horizon positioning ahead of regulatory/roadmap milestones (especially TON/Telegram phase 2) is justified by both valuation and adoption tailwinds.
- Long-Term: Ethena’s unique synthetic dollar model, perpetual yield, and cross-chain potential underpin a credible long-term narrative. Early allocation may compound over time as the stablecoin sector continues to migrate toward decentralized, protocol-driven solutions.
- Entry Timing: Optimal accumulation strategies would focus on consolidations at strong support ($0.27–$0.28) or preemptive buys ahead of key roadmap events and product launches, minimizing exposure to unlock-induced volatility.
Risk Management
- Token Unlock Schedule: While ENA’s vesting strategy aims to mitigate major dumps, near-term events warrant attentive risk management—utilizing position sizing, dynamic stop-losses, and close monitoring of liquidity flows.
Diversification
- Portfolio Context: As a leading synthetic stablecoin play, Ethena is particularly well suited as a core holding within DeFi-focused portfolios, with inherent diversification vs. pure-play volatile altcoins.
Ethena Price Projections
Year | Projected Price (USD) |
---|---|
2025 | 0.42 USD |
2026 | 0.55 USD |
2027 | 0.70 USD |
2028 | 0.89 USD |
2029 | 1.13 USD |
Is Now the Right Time to Buy Ethena?
Ethena stands out as a scalable, innovative DeFi protocol with a differentiated synthetic stablecoin model, robust on-chain traction, and a rapidly expanding partnership footprint. Its valuation remains attractive relative to sector peers, and the exceptional growth of its USDe stablecoin—backed by real-world adoption (Telegram/TON, institutional DeFi rails)—justifies renewed attention from sophisticated investors.
- Exponential protocol growth and user adoption, now solidly in the top tier of DeFi stablecoins.
- Strategic TON/Telegram and Securitize partnerships positioning USDe as a mass retail and institutional stablecoin alternative.
- High liquidity and exchange accessibility, ensuring ease of entry/exit for all investor profiles.
- Structural advantage via a decentralized, “crypto-native” approach less vulnerable to regulatory instability facing traditional stablecoin providers.
- A clear, innovation-driven roadmap with multiple near-term catalysts—product launches, protocol upgrades, and new DeFi integrations.
Looking ahead, Ethena could well enter a stronger growth phase fueled by continued protocol expansion and broader crypto adoption. While volatility and token unlock dynamics still call for measured risk management, the convergence of powerful fundamental and technical signals makes Ethena seem an excellent opportunity for investors building strategic exposure to the next generation of DeFi blue chips. As always, a disciplined approach to allocation and market timing will be essential to maximize risk-adjusted returns.
Ethena remains a high-volatility cryptocurrency offering outstanding opportunities for dynamic investment, albeit warranting rigorous risk assessment. Recent price acceleration has shown Ethena’s ability to produce strong, fast moves, and the evolving macro landscape means selectivity remains key. Technical levels to watch are $0.28 as the immediate support and $0.37 as primary resistance. The next scheduled protocol upgrade—anticipated in Q3 2025—may very well serve as a pivotal catalyst for Ethena’s continued ascent.
How to buy Ethena?
Buying Ethena (ENA) cryptocurrency online is simple and secure when you use a regulated crypto trading platform. As a retail investor in the Philippines, you generally have two main options: direct spot purchase (where you own the actual tokens) or trading crypto contracts for difference (CFDs), which allow you to speculate on ENA’s price without owning the coin itself. Each method suits different investing styles. Below, we explain both approaches in detail—plus, you’ll find a platform comparison further down on this page to help make your choice easier.
Spot Purchase
A spot purchase means you’re buying real Ethena (ENA) and holding it in a crypto wallet—either directly on the exchange or in your own digital wallet for greater security. Spot trading is straightforward: after verifying your account and depositing Philippine pesos (PHP) or US dollars, you can buy ENA at the current market rate. Most major exchanges charge a fixed commission per purchase, typically around 0.1% to 0.3% (about PHP 5–20 on typical minimums).
Example
Suppose ENA trades at $0.32 USD (about ₱18.50). With a PHP 60,000 investment (≈ $1,080 USD), you can buy around 3,360 ENA tokens, accounting for roughly ₱200 (≈ $3.60) in transaction fees.
Profit scenario
If ENA’s price increases by 10%, your tokens would now be worth approximately PHP 66,000 (up by PHP 6,000, or +10% on your initial investment).
Trading via CFD
Trading ENA as a contract for difference (CFD) means you do not actually hold any tokens. Instead, you speculate on whether ENA’s price will rise or fall, opening a long or short position on a broker platform. CFD brokers generally charge a spread (the difference between buy & sell price) and, if you keep your position overnight, a small financing fee.
As CFDs offer leverage, you can amplify results—but risk higher losses too.
Example
You deposit PHP 60,000 and select 5x leverage, giving you exposure to PHP 300,000 worth of ENA. If ENA’s price rises by 8%, your gain is 8% × 5 = 40% (excluding fees), or PHP 24,000 profit—on a PHP 60,000 investment.
Profit scenario
ENA rises 8% → your leveraged position returns +40% (PHP 24,000 gain).
Final Advice
No matter which method you prefer, always compare the fees and trading conditions of available platforms—they can affect your net return. The right choice between spot buying and CFD trading depends on your financial goals, risk appetite, and experience. Refer to our platform comparison lower on this page to make an informed, confident investment in Ethena (ENA).
Compare the best cryptocurrency exchanges in Philippines !Compare platformsOur 7 tips for buying Ethena
Step | Specific advice for Ethena |
---|---|
1. Analyze the market | Review ENA’s latest price trends, current support ($0.27-$0.28) and resistance ($0.35-$0.37) levels, as well as its recent performance and growth in DeFi adoption. |
2. Choose the right exchange | Select leading, reliable crypto exchanges available in the Philippines that list ENA and offer PHP/USD pairs, ensuring competitive fees and strong security standards. |
3. Set your investment budget | Determine a clear budget for ENA purchase based on your risk profile, mindful of local crypto taxes and ensuring you do not allocate more than you can afford to lose. |
4. Pick your strategy | Define whether you want to invest for the short term (targeting price rebounds or technical levels) or long term (betting on adoption from partnerships and protocol growth). |
5. Monitor news and upgrades | Stay updated on Ethena’s technical progress, key events (e.g., TON integration, token unlocks), and protocol developments that may influence price or adoption. |
6. Use risk management tools | Apply stop-loss orders, diversify with other assets, and be aware of token unlock periods which can trigger volatility; only use reputable wallet solutions for storage. |
7. Sell at the right time | Track your investment, set target profit and loss levels (e.g. near $0.42), and consider selling in phases to maximize gains and limit downside, based on both market signals and your personal goals. |
The latest news from Ethena
Ethena’s ENA token saw a robust 9% price increase over the last week, supported by strong trading volume. Across top global exchanges accessible from the Philippines such as Binance and Coinbase, ENA has traded in the $0.28–$0.32 range, closing June 8 at $0.32 with an 8.75% increase in 24 hours and over $214M in trading volume. This uptick is notable for Filipino investors, as ENA’s liquidity and growth trajectory now position it as one of the most actively traded DeFi tokens, with a market capitalization nearing $2B, indicating increasing investor confidence and potentially more stable trading environments for local participants.
The protocol’s synthetic stablecoin, USDe, achieved a significant $1B market cap increase in recent weeks, bringing its total above $5.8B. This surge is due in part to Ethena’s rapid integration across decentralized finance platforms, including those favored by users in the Philippines, such as Aave and other Ethereum-based protocols. The growth reflects accelerating adoption and positions Ethena as a credible alternative to established stablecoins like USDC and USDT, which are already popular among regional DeFi users and remittance pathways.
Ethena finalized a major partnership with the TON Foundation to integrate USDe into Telegram’s ecosystem, offering access to over 1 billion users worldwide. For Filipino crypto users, many of whom are active on Telegram and in rapidly expanding online communities, this integration represents a substantial opportunity. As Philippines ranks among Telegram’s top user bases in Southeast Asia, this initiative could directly enhance USDe’s utility for peer-to-peer payments, microtransactions, and cross-border remittances—a critical use case locally.
Technical indicators for ENA are neutral with hints of a potential short-term rebound after recent oversold conditions. RSI is currently measured at 46.6, and the technical outlook, while mixed on some timeframes, suggests stabilization as the token reclaims upper support levels. For traders and funds in the Philippines, these signals may indicate that ENA is approaching a more favorable entry point, particularly as broader sentiment recovers in tandem with protocol expansion milestones.
Ethena’s protocol innovation—particularly its synthetic dollar model and yield-generating mechanism—reinforces its value proposition for the Filipino market amid ongoing DeFi adoption. By maintaining USDe’s peg through delta-neutral strategies and offering attractive yields (notably for stakers via sUSDe), Ethena provides opportunities for local users seeking passive income streams outside traditional banking. This is relevant in the Philippines, where DeFi offers banking alternatives for the large unbanked population, and where innovative, yield-bearing products have seen increased adoption.
FAQ
What is the latest staking yield for Ethena?
As of now, Ethena does not offer a native staking mechanism for the ENA token itself. However, the ecosystem supports yield opportunities through staking of its synthetic stablecoin product, sUSDe, which provides attractive DeFi yields on certain platforms. Liquidity and yield opportunities frequently evolve, so ENA holders typically participate in governance rather than traditional token staking. Always check official sources or DeFi platforms for the latest updates on earning mechanisms within the Ethena ecosystem.
What are the forecasts for Ethena in 2025, 2026, and 2027?
Based on the current price of approximately ₱18.20 PHP (using $0.32 USD and a June 2025 USD/PHP rate of 56.9), Ethena could reach around ₱27.30 PHP by the end of 2025, ₱36.40 PHP in 2026, and ₱54.60 PHP in 2027 if current growth trends continue. The protocol’s innovative position in synthetic stablecoins, its integration with major platforms like Telegram via the TON network, and growing adoption across DeFi applications all support this optimistic outlook.
Is now a good time to buy Ethena?
Ethena presents an appealing opportunity due to its strong ecosystem growth, recent high-profile partnerships (including with TON and various DeFi platforms), and innovative technology as a synthetic dollar protocol. The project’s adoption rate and strategic roadmap, especially expanding its user base through Telegram, suggest continued relevance in the DeFi landscape. While some technical resistance exists, ongoing development and integration may help boost long-term value.
What are the tax implications for profits on Ethena in the Philippines?
In the Philippines, cryptocurrency gains—including those from Ethena—are considered taxable income and must be declared under existing tax regulations. Individuals are required to report gains on annual returns and may be taxed based on prevailing income tax rates, regardless of holding period. Currently, there are no crypto-specific tax exemptions, and registration with the BIR (Bureau of Internal Revenue) is mandatory for active traders or significant gains. Staying informed about evolving local crypto regulations is highly recommended.
What is the latest staking yield for Ethena?
As of now, Ethena does not offer a native staking mechanism for the ENA token itself. However, the ecosystem supports yield opportunities through staking of its synthetic stablecoin product, sUSDe, which provides attractive DeFi yields on certain platforms. Liquidity and yield opportunities frequently evolve, so ENA holders typically participate in governance rather than traditional token staking. Always check official sources or DeFi platforms for the latest updates on earning mechanisms within the Ethena ecosystem.
What are the forecasts for Ethena in 2025, 2026, and 2027?
Based on the current price of approximately ₱18.20 PHP (using $0.32 USD and a June 2025 USD/PHP rate of 56.9), Ethena could reach around ₱27.30 PHP by the end of 2025, ₱36.40 PHP in 2026, and ₱54.60 PHP in 2027 if current growth trends continue. The protocol’s innovative position in synthetic stablecoins, its integration with major platforms like Telegram via the TON network, and growing adoption across DeFi applications all support this optimistic outlook.
Is now a good time to buy Ethena?
Ethena presents an appealing opportunity due to its strong ecosystem growth, recent high-profile partnerships (including with TON and various DeFi platforms), and innovative technology as a synthetic dollar protocol. The project’s adoption rate and strategic roadmap, especially expanding its user base through Telegram, suggest continued relevance in the DeFi landscape. While some technical resistance exists, ongoing development and integration may help boost long-term value.
What are the tax implications for profits on Ethena in the Philippines?
In the Philippines, cryptocurrency gains—including those from Ethena—are considered taxable income and must be declared under existing tax regulations. Individuals are required to report gains on annual returns and may be taxed based on prevailing income tax rates, regardless of holding period. Currently, there are no crypto-specific tax exemptions, and registration with the BIR (Bureau of Internal Revenue) is mandatory for active traders or significant gains. Staying informed about evolving local crypto regulations is highly recommended.